Astm D5907 13.pdf: A Comprehensive Review of Filterable Matter and Nonfilterable Matter in Water
How to Measure Filterable and Nonfilterable Matter in Water Using ASTM D5907-13
Water quality is an important factor for many applications, such as drinking, irrigation, industrial processes, and environmental monitoring. One of the parameters that can affect water quality is the amount of solids present in the water, either as filterable matter (total dissolved solids or TDS) or nonfilterable matter (total suspended solids or TSS).
Filterable matter refers to the solids that can pass through a standard glass fiber filter, while nonfilterable matter refers to the solids that are retained on the filter. Filterable matter consists of dissolved salts, minerals, organic compounds, and other substances that are soluble in water. Nonfilterable matter consists of suspended particles, such as sand, clay, algae, bacteria, and other microorganisms.
Astm D5907 13.pdf
The measurement of filterable and nonfilterable matter in water can provide useful information about the water source, treatment, and quality. For example, high levels of filterable matter can indicate high salinity, hardness, or conductivity of the water, which can affect its suitability for certain uses. High levels of nonfilterable matter can indicate high turbidity, sedimentation, or biological activity of the water, which can affect its clarity, color, odor, and taste.
One of the standard methods for measuring filterable and nonfilterable matter in water is ASTM D5907-13. This method covers the determination of TDS and TSS in drinking, surface, and saline waters, domestic and industrial wastes. The method uses a gravimetric technique, which involves weighing the filter before and after filtering a known volume of water sample. The difference in weight represents the amount of TDS or TSS in the sample.
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The method has two variants: Test Method A for measuring TDS and TSS in mg/L (milligrams per liter) and Test Method B for measuring TDS in µg/g (micrograms per gram). Test Method A is suitable for samples with a practical range of 4 to 20 000 mg/L for TSS and 10 mg/L to 150 000 µg/g for TDS. Test Method B is suitable for samples with a higher precision range of 10 µg/g to 150 000 µg/g for TDS.
The method requires the following equipment and materials:
A standard glass fiber filter with a pore size of 0.7 µm (micrometer) and a diameter of 47 mm (millimeter).
A vacuum filtration apparatus with a filter holder and a vacuum source.
A drying oven capable of maintaining a temperature of 103 Â 2 ÂC (degrees Celsius).
A desiccator with silica gel or other suitable desiccant.
An analytical balance with a sensitivity of at least 0.1 mg.
A volumetric flask or graduated cylinder with a capacity of at least 1 L (liter).
A stirring rod or magnetic stirrer.
Distilled or deionized water.
The method involves the following steps:
Prepare the filter by washing it with distilled or deionized water and drying it in the oven for at least one hour. Then cool it in the desiccator and weigh it to the nearest 0.1 mg. Record this weight as W1.
Collect a representative water sample and measure its volume to the nearest 1 mL (milliliter). Record this volume as V.
Filter the water sample through the prepared filter using the vacuum filtration apparatus. Rinse the filter with three portions of distilled or deionized water, each about 10 mL. Make sure that all the rinse water passes through the filter.
Dry the filter with the retained solids in the oven for at least one hour. Then cool it in the desiccator and weigh it to the nearest 0.1 mg. Record this weight as W2.
Calculate the concentration of TSS in mg/L by using this formula: TSS = (W2 - W1) Ã 1000 / V
If Test Method B is